Review of Reflections on Meditation by Charles T. Tart
I came across Charles T. Tart a few days ago while reading out on the My Big TOE forum. My impression of him after watching his “Reflections on Meditation” is that he is very intelligent and adds some interesting perspectives on many topics that I have been researching and experimenting with (such as spirituality and exploration of consciousness). His approach is not based on any specific practice but upon his own experience with a multitude of different practices.
He explains that humans as a whole are dummies when approaching meditation and that there are many gaps in our knowledge of the subject. He makes the assumption that we all (video watchers and everyone in the room with him perhaps?) would like to know more about meditation and his goal being to help people become smarties when it comes to meditation. He asks the question, “Has there been any progress in the meditation field in the last few hundreds years?”
To make progress in meditation he suggests that we have to know what it is, how to measure the outcome of doing it and how to measure movement toward these outcomes. He then points out that humans are restricted to a subset of reality and within that subset there is an even smaller subset of things that are subject to logical definition. By being in the human realm we have limitations on understanding and then on top of that there is state specific thinking. This makes ideas about meditation in this state of thinking and in this reality more difficult to describe or define. Additionally he brings up the fact that there are different ideas about what meditation actually is.
He breaks meditation into three basic types, two of which are sitting meditations and the third is done throughout the day. This to me alone makes the video series worth watching. I have to admit that when I got into meditation I was completely confused by the term and rarely (if ever) know what someone means when they tell me that they meditate. It’s much like the confusion I experienced growing up in the Catholic church when someone told me to go pray or that they were praying.
Here are the three basic types of meditation as defined by him in the series:
- Concentrative meditation (sitting). Which is to put the mind on one thing and when it wonders away come back to the one thing.
- Mindfulness meditation (sitting). Buddhist Vipassana for example. Rather than holding the mind fixed on one thing, three qualities are striven for in the naturally occurring flow of experience.
- The quality of clarity that is the pay closer receptive attention to what goes on from moment to moment.
- The quality of breadth, instead of only paying attention of the things we likes, we pay attention to the whole flow of experience
- The quality of equanimity. Instead of getting caught up in “I don’t like” or “I want more”, we just let things happen as they want to happen as we pay clear and broad attention to them.
- Mindfulness in life meditation (non-sitting). Like Vipassana, but performed in everyday life rather than being a sitting meditation.
He feels that the third type may be far more important in that few people ever get in trouble sitting on a meditation mat which lead him to consider the possibility that mindfulness is needed much more in daily life.
Moving on he talks about people living in an illusion and how it’s often translated into the world isn’t real. He argues that the world is real but our perception of it is so distorted that the world we live in and take to be the real world is a highly illusionary kind of world. I visualized this as absolute reality being filtered by local “physical matter reality” consciousness causing final perception of reality to be reduced to a relative reality warped by emotions, thoughts, ego, history etc. He is not suggesting that abstract thought is a bad thing, but when we don’t know that abstract thought is abstract thought, we end up living in an illusion, which is what meditation seeks to do something about.
He defines meditation as controlled attention practices. Instead of letting our attention be controlled by what happens to us and our conditioned reactions being brought up by what happened to us, instead deliberately take control of what we are going to do with our attention. Basically he is saying not to get caught up in a thought loop which causes us to miss out on what’s actually happening in the present moment.
Going back to the question of progress brought up earlier he goes on to speak about how he feels that Shinzen Young is making some progress with meditation by using languages that are specific the the culture that he is teaching in. He has some very interesting mathematical equations for suffering and satisfaction. He also talks about a computer coach that Young has developed that helps people with common problems that may come up with meditation.
In conclusion he feels that we are slowly making progress with meditation. With meditation he doesn’t feel that the one size fits all school of thought is the best approach for teaching people meditation. He concludes that we must define meditation terms more precisely and figure out what specific controlled attention practices should be applied by what specific kind of people under what specific type a circumstances in order to get a lot of work accomplished in an efficient way.
I have included a link to the first video out of a series of 9 below. I will work on getting the videos added to this site in the future.
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